The provision of anti-personnel land mines is the latest move by the outgoing US administration to bolster Ukraine’s war effort before Donald Trump returns to the White House on 20 January.
Russia has deployed landmines liberally since the start of its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 but international objections to the use of such weapons on the grounds that they pose a risk to civilians had prevented the Biden administration from signing off on them.
The US defence official confirmed to the BBC that Ukraine had pledged to use only mines that remained active for a limited period of time.
Earlier, it was confirmed that US-made longer-range Army Tactical Missile System (Atacms) missiles had struck targets inside Russia only days after reports emerged that the White House had granted permission for their use.
Russia’s defence ministry said the strike had targeted the Bryansk region bordering Ukraine to the north on Tuesday morning.
It said five missiles had been shot down and one had caused damage – with its fragments starting a fire at a military facility.
But two US officials said initial indications suggested Russia had intercepted just two missiles out of around eight fired by Ukraine.
The BBC has not been able to verify independently the contradicting figures.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov accused Washington of trying to escalate the conflict.
The Kremlin has vowed to retaliate.
On Tuesday, Russian President Vladimir Putin approved changes to Russia’s nuclear doctrine, setting out new conditions under which the country would consider using its arsenal.
It now says an attack from a non-nuclear state, if backed by a nuclear power, will be treated as a joint assault on Russia.
Commenting on the changes, US state department spokesperson Matthew Miller said: “Since the beginning of its war of aggression against Ukraine, [Russia] has sought to coerce and intimidate both Ukraine and other countries around the world through irresponsible nuclear rhetoric and behaviour.”
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